China and ASEAN moved to expand trade as part of a new agreement. The arrangement is designed to increase commerce between China and the 10-member bloc. In a cautious climate, analysts flagged risks over growing Chinese investment, highlighting risks in deeper ties. In Australia, CPA Australia joined a Shenzhen economic exchange ahead of APEC. Singapore-based legal firm Wotton Kearney set up a marine disputes team. Vietnam unveiled a strategic partnership for its trade showcase.

Earlier commentary contended that mainstream international trade theory overlooks development issues. That view points to gaps in how gains from trade are tracked across economies.